[order] PASSERIFORMES | [family] Parulidae | [latin] Dendroica palmarum | [UK] Palm Warbler | [FR] Sylvette a couronne rousse | [DE] Palmen-Waldsanger | [ES] Chipe playero | [NL] Palmzanger
Subspecies
| Genus | Species | subspecies | Breeding Range | Breeding Range 2 | Non Breeding Range |
| Dendroica | palmarum | NA | n | s USA, MA | |
| Dendroica | palmarum | hypochrysea | |||
| Dendroica | palmarum | palmarum |
Physical charateristics
Note the constant bobbing of the tail. Brown above; yellowish or whitish below, narrowly streaked; yellow undertail coverts, white spots in tail corners. In spring, has a
chestnut cap (obscure in fall, winter). Sexes similar.
chestnut cap (obscure in fall, winter). Sexes similar.
Listen to the sound of Palm Warbler
[audio:http://www.aviflevoland.nl/sounddb/P/Palm Warbler.mp3]
Copyright remark: Most sounds derived from xeno-canto
| wingspan min.: | 20 | cm | wingspan max.: | 21 | cm |
| size min.: | 12 | cm | size max.: | 14 | cm |
| incubation min.: | 11 | days | incubation max.: | 13 | days |
| fledging min.: | 11 | days | fledging max.: | 13 | days |
| broods: | 1 | eggs min.: | 3 | ||
| eggs max.: | 6 |
Range
North America : North
Habitat
Wooded borders of muskeg (summer). In migration, low trees, bushes, ground. Breeds in sphagnum bogs with scattered cedar, tamarack, and spruce trees. The western race also bre
eds in dry pine barrens of boreal forests with ground cover of blueberry, bearberry, and sweet fern. In migration, frequents old hedgerows, edges of streams and ponds, overgrown fields, and open pastures.
eds in dry pine barrens of boreal forests with ground cover of blueberry, bearberry, and sweet fern. In migration, frequents old hedgerows, edges of streams and ponds, overgrown fields, and open pastures.
Reproduction
Some males have more than one mate. An early nester; birds arrive on breeding grounds in early April and begin nests by early May.
Nest: Placed on or near the ground in a stunted spruce tree, close to the trun
k. On ground, frequently placed on top of a hummock of sphagnum moss, concealed under a clump of grass. Open cup is constructed by the female of fine, dry grass stems and bark shreds; lined with feathers.
Eggs: Usually 4-5. Creamy white with brown marks. Incubated possibly by both parents, 12 days. Rarely a host to cowbirds; defends against parasitism by covering cowbird eggs with a new layer at the bottom of the nest.
Nest: Placed on or near the ground in a stunted spruce tree, close to the trun
k. On ground, frequently placed on top of a hummock of sphagnum moss, concealed under a clump of grass. Open cup is constructed by the female of fine, dry grass stems and bark shreds; lined with feathers.
Eggs: Usually 4-5. Creamy white with brown marks. Incubated possibly by both parents, 12 days. Rarely a host to cowbirds; defends against parasitism by covering cowbird eggs with a new layer at the bottom of the nest.
Young: Fed by both parents. Young leave the nest at about 12 days and are able to fly short distances within 1-2 days after fledging. Probably 2 broods per year.
Feeding habits
Insects and berries.
Feeds mostly on small beetles, mosquitoes, flies, caterpillars, aphids, grasshoppers, ants, bees, and spiders. Also eats a considerable amount of vegetable matter, including raspberries, bayberries, and seeds.
Behavior: In winter, does much foraging by walking and hopp
ing on the ground, seeking insects. During the breeding season, gleans insects from foliage while perching or hovering momentarily in black spruce, tamarack, and cedars. Also flies out to catch insects in midair. In fall, may join flocks with other warble
rs, chickadees, juncos, and sparrows.
Feeds mostly on small beetles, mosquitoes, flies, caterpillars, aphids, grasshoppers, ants, bees, and spiders. Also eats a considerable amount of vegetable matter, including raspberries, bayberries, and seeds.
Behavior: In winter, does much foraging by walking and hopp
ing on the ground, seeking insects. During the breeding season, gleans insects from foliage while perching or hovering momentarily in black spruce, tamarack, and cedars. Also flies out to catch insects in midair. In fall, may join flocks with other warble
rs, chickadees, juncos, and sparrows.
Conservation
This species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence <20,000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size, habitat extent/quality, or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation). The population trend appears to be increasing, and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (>30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size is extremely large, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (<10,000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be >10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern.
Migration
Canada, northeastern edge of United States. Winters in southern United States, Caribbean area. Migration:
Compared to most warblers, migrates early in spring and late in fall. The duller-plumaged “Western” Palm Warbler is more numerous along the Atlantic Coast in fall than in spring. Very small numbers winter regularly on the Pacific Coast.
Compared to most warblers, migrates early in spring and late in fall. The duller-plumaged “Western” Palm Warbler is more numerous along the Atlantic Coast in fall than in spring. Very small numbers winter regularly on the Pacific Coast.
Distribution map
