Magnolia Warbler (Dendroica magnolia)

[order] PASSERIFORMES | [family] Parulidae | [latin] Dendroica magnolia | [UK] Magnolia Warbler | [FR] Sylvette a tete cendree | [DE] Magnolien-Waldsanger | [ES] Reinita Colifajeada | [NL] Magnolia-zanger

Subspecies

Physical charateristics

Rather attenuated, highly decorated Nearctic wood warbler, all plumages showing broad, centrally divided white band across tail (diagnostic) and yellow throat and rump. Breeding Male mainly black above, with white rear supercilium below grey crown and white panel across coverts, and yellow below, with strong black streaks from breast to flanks. Winter male and female duller, with female showing only double white wing-bar and narrower body streaks. Immature shows striking pale spectacle and greyish band across breast.

Listen to the sound of Magnolia Warbler

[audio:http://www.aviflevoland.nl/sounddb/M/Magnolia Warbler.mp3]

Copyright remark: Most sounds derived from xeno-canto

Range

North America : North, Northeast

Habitat

Breeds in cool temperate eastern Nearctic, mostly in young or low conifer woods or open mixed woods and edges. Migrants forage on trees in orchards and villages.

Reproduction

Magnolia Warblers create their nests in low tree branches or twigs, usually in the most dense areas of the forest. They seem to build rather messy nests, which are put together very carelessly, and are not very stable or secure. They are made up of twigs, weeds, hay, and grass. The female Magnolia Warbler lays from 3-5 eggs at a time and they lay their eggs once a year. Incubation lasts 11 to 13 days. Females incubate the eggs and have a more active role in the raising of the young birds, but both the male and the female supply food to the young. Even after they fledge, baby birds remain close to one another and to their parents for about a month afterward. During this time, the parents continue to provide food for the young, however after this time they are on their own.

Feeding habits

The Magnolia Warbler feeds almost exclusively on insects. It forages for its food in the lower or middle branches of the trees. It picks insects off of tree needles, leaves, and twigs, as well as sometimes from the undersides of plants and under the bark of trees. Sometimes it will also hover to search for food and fly short distances to catch its prey. During bad weather, when insects can be hard to find, the Magnolia Warbler will also feed on berries.

Conservation

This species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence <20,000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size, habitat extent/quality, or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation). The population trend appears to be increasing, and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (>30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size is extremely large, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (<10,000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be >10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern.
Breeds in North America from south-west Mackenzie and central British Columbia east to Newfoundland, south to north-east Minnesota, central Michigan, Massachusetts, and in Appalachians to West Virginia.
Accidental. Iceland: Rangarvalla S