[order] PASSERIFORMES | [family] Paridae | [latin] Baeolophus wollweberi | [UK] Bridled Titmouse | [FR] Mesange arlequin | [DE] Zugelmeise | [ES] Herrelillo enmascarado | [NL] Harlekijnmees
Subspecies
| Genus | Species | subspecies | Breeding Range | Breeding Range 2 | Non Breeding Range |
| Baeolophus | wollweberi | NA, MA | sw USA, Mexico | ||
| Baeolophus | wollweberi | caliginosus | |||
| Baeolophus | wollweberi | phillipsi | |||
| Baeolophus | wollweberi | vandevenderi | |||
| Baeolophus | wollweberi | wollweberi |
Physical charateristics
The crest and black-and-white “bridled” face identify this small gray titmouse of the southwestern mountains.
Listen to the sound of Bridled Titmouse
[audio:http://www.aviflevoland.nl/sounddb/B/Bridled Titmouse.mp3]
Copyright remark: Most sounds derived from xeno-canto
| wingspan min.: | 18 | cm | wingspan max.: | 20 | cm |
| size min.: | 10 | cm | size max.: | 13 | cm |
| incubation min.: | 13 | days | incubation max.: | 15 | days |
| fledging min.: | 18 | days | fledging max.: | 20 | days |
| broods: | 1 | eggs min.: | 4 | ||
| eggs max.: | 8 |
Range
North America, Middle America : Southwest USA, Mexico
Habitat
Oak and sycamore canyons, pine-oak woods.
Breeds mostly in areas with many live oaks, often in pine-oak woodland. In some areas, will breed in streamside groves of cottonwoods and willows at middle elevations. In winter, small numbers are regularly found in such cottonwood-willow groves.
Breeds mostly in areas with many live oaks, often in pine-oak woodland. In some areas, will breed in streamside groves of cottonwoods and willows at middle elevations. In winter, small numbers are regularly found in such cottonwood-willow groves.
Reproduction
Nesting behavior is poorly known. Pairs may remain together at all seasons, establishing nesting territory after flocks break up in late winter. In Arizona and adjacent New Mexico, nesting activity is mostly from April to June.
Nest: Site is in hole in tree, often in dead limb or stump; may be either natural cavity or old woodpecker hole. Nest height varies, 4-
30′ above ground. Will also use birdhouses. Nest has extensive soft lining of grass, leaves, spiderwebs, lichens, plant down, catkins, animal hair, and other items.
Eggs: 5-7. Unmarked white. Details of incubation are not well known, but probably mostly or entirely by female.
Young: Probably both parents bring food for young. Development of young and age at first flight not well known.
Nest: Site is in hole in tree, often in dead limb or stump; may be either natural cavity or old woodpecker hole. Nest height varies, 4-
30′ above ground. Will also use birdhouses. Nest has extensive soft lining of grass, leaves, spiderwebs, lichens, plant down, catkins, animal hair, and other items.
Eggs: 5-7. Unmarked white. Details of incubation are not well known, but probably mostly or entirely by female.
Young: Probably both parents bring food for young. Development of young and age at first flight not well known.
Feeding habits
Mostly insects, some seeds.
Diet is poorly known. Apparently feeds mostly on insects, including caterpillars, beetles, probably many others, including insect eggs and pupae. Also eats various seeds.
Behavior:
Forages in various trees and bushes but especially in oaks, hopping actively among branches and twigs, pecking at bases of leaves, often hanging upside down. Will feed briefly on the ground as well. Will come to bird feeders for seeds or peanut butter mi
xtures; opens seeds by holding them with feet and pounding with bill.
Diet is poorly known. Apparently feeds mostly on insects, including caterpillars, beetles, probably many others, including insect eggs and pupae. Also eats various seeds.
Behavior:
Forages in various trees and bushes but especially in oaks, hopping actively among branches and twigs, pecking at bases of leaves, often hanging upside down. Will feed briefly on the ground as well. Will come to bird feeders for seeds or peanut butter mi
xtures; opens seeds by holding them with feet and pounding with bill.
Conservation
This species has a very large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence <20,000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size, habitat extent/quality, or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation). The population trend appears to be stable, and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (>30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size is very large, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (<10,000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be >10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern.
Migration
Resident from mountains of southeastern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico to southern Mexico. Migration:
Mostly a permanent resident. Small flocks regularly move to lower elevations in winter, and occasionally appear in streamside groves far from mountains.
Mostly a permanent resident. Small flocks regularly move to lower elevations in winter, and occasionally appear in streamside groves far from mountains.
Distribution map
