PACIFIC COAST CASPIAN TERNS: DYNAMICSOF AN EXPANDING POPULATION

Nesting distribution, age-related seasonal movements, survivorship, and mechanisms of population expansion in Pacific Coast Caspian Terns (Sterna caspia) were examined primarily through analysis of 412 recoveries of birds banded as juveniles between 1935 and 1980. Since the beginning of this century, the population has shifted from nesting in numerous small colonies associated with freshwater marshes in interior California and southern Oregon to nesting primarily in large colonies on human-created habitats along the coast.

ROBERT E. GILL JR. AND L. RICHARD M. EWALDT, The Auk 100: 369-381. April 1983